EMBRYOLOGY: PRACTICE 2

                                SINGLE BEST OPTION SERIES
 
                    INSTRUCTION: SELECT THE SINGLE BEST OPTION
    

1.         Features of children with Down syndrome include the following except:
   a.       Varying degrees of mental retardation
   b.      Hypertonia
   c.       Upward slanting eyes
   d.      Epicanthal folds
   e.      Simian crease
   2.       Which of the following is incorrect about gametogenesis?
   a.       In humans, the time required for spermatogonia to develop into a mature spermatozoon is approximately 60 to 74 days.
   b.      Approximately far less than 300 million sperm cells are produced daily.
   c.       Spermatozoa obtain full motility in the epididymis
   d.      During oogenesis, meiosis II is completed only if oocytes are fertilized, otherwise the cell degenerates approximately 24 hours after ovulation.
   e.      Even though the number of primary oocytes at birth is estimated to be over 600 000, only approximately 400 000 are present by the beginning of puberty and fewer than 500 will be ovulated.
   3.       Which of the following is incorrect about Down syndrome?
   a.       They have high incidence of leukaemia, thyroid dysfunction and premature aging
   b.      Nearly all the patients with this disorder develop signs of Alzheimer disease after age 35.
   c.       The risk of having children with Down syndrome increases with increasing paternal age.
   d.      It may result from nondisjunction, translocation or mosaicism.
   e.      Endocardial cushion defect may occur.
   4.       Stages of the ovarian cycle include the following except:
   a.       Follicular phase
   b.      Proliferative phase
   c.       Ovulation
   d.      Luteal phase
   e.      None of the above
   5.       Which of the following is incorrect about oogenesis?
   a.       Primary oocytes form from oogonia arrested in prophase of meiosis I.
   b.      A primary oocyte together with its surrounding flat epithelial cells is known as Graafian follicle.
   c.       Primary oocytes do not finish their first meiotic division before puberty
   d.      Primary oocytes arrested during oogenesis by oocyte maturation inhibitor (OMI).
   e.      None of the above.
   6.       Which of the following is incorrect?
   a.       If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum reaches maximum development approximately nine days after ovulation and then degenerate to form corpus albicans.
   b.      Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is secreted by the morula after fertilization.
   c.       Corpus luteum graviditatis continue to secrete progesterone until the secretion of this hormone from the placenta is adequate
   d.      Ovulation is generally accompanied by a rise in basal body temperature which can be monitored to aid in determining when the release of oocytes occurs.
   e.      Approximately 10% of all spermatozoa in a normal male have observable defects.
   7.       The events by which spermatogonia are transformed into spermatozoa is called:
   a.       Spermiogenesis
   b.      Oogenesis
   c.       Teratogenesis
   d.      Spermatogenesis
   e.      Mutation
   8.       Fertilization usually occurs in the ............................ region of the uterine tube.
   a.       Isthmus
   b.      Ampulla
   c.       Cornua
   d.      Fimbriae
   e.      None of the above
   9.       The following are parts of the normal graafian follicle except:
   a.       Antrum
   b.      Cumulus oophorus
   c.       Theca externa
   d.      Zona pellucida
   e.      None of the above
   10.   Which of the following is incorrect about fertilization?
   a.       Only approximately 1% of sperms deposited in the vagina enter the cervix
   b.      Movement of sperm from the cervix to the uterine tube occurs primarily by their own propulsions, although they may be assisted by movements of fluid secreted by uterine cilia.
   c.       The trip of sperms from the cervix to the oviduct requires a minimum of 2 to 7 days
   d.      After reaching the isthmus of the oviduct, sperms become more motile and at ovulation, they become less motile.
   e.      Spermatozoa are not able to fertilize oocytes immediately upon arrival in the female genital tract but must first undergo capacitation and acrosome reaction.
   
   
   
   
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