PHARMACOLOGY: PRACTICE 7

SINGLE BEST OPTION SERIES

         INSTRUCTION: SELECT THE SINGLE BEST OPTION

1.         Insulin can be administered via the following routes except:
   a.       Subcutaneous
   b.      Intravenous
   c.       Intramuscular
   d.      Intraperitoneal
   e.      None of the above
   2.       The following are long acting insulin except
   a.       Insulin detemir
   b.      Insulin levemir
   c.       Insulin glulisine
   d.      Insulin glargine
   e.      None of the above
   3.        Concerning the sulphonylureas, which of the following is incorrect?
   a.       Some sulphonamides inhibit the metabolism of tolbutamide and this may lead to prolonged hypoglycaemia
   b.      Metronidazole is a non-competitive inhibitor of microsomal enzymes and inhibits the metabolism of sulphonylureas
   c.       They should be avoided in women who are breastfeeding their infants
   d.      Gliclazide is a long acting sulphonylurea
   e.      Tolbutamide and glipizide may cause agranulocytosis
   4.       Which of the following is incorrect about chlorpropamide?
   a.       It interacts with drugs that depend on hepatic oxidative catabolism
   b.      It is contraindicated in patients with hepatic or renal insufficiency
   c.       Dosages higher than 500mg daily increases the risk of jaundice
   d.      It is the first-line drug for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
   e.      Hyperaemic flush after alcohol ingestion may occur in genetically predisposed patients
   5.       Metformin is pharmacologically classified as:
   a.       Insulin secretagogue
   b.      D-phenylalanine derivative
   c.       Biguanide  
   d.      Second generation sulphonylurea
   e.      Meglitinide
   6.       Contraindications to rosiglitazone in the management of diabetics include the following except:
   a.       Pregnancy
   b.      Significant liver disease
   c.       Concurrent diagnosis of heart failure
   d.      Renal impairment 
   e.      Patient’s refusal
   7.       Which of the following is incorrect about pramlintide?
   a.       It is an injectable antihyperglycaemic synthetic analog of amylin
   b.      It is approved for preprandial use in persons with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in addition to insulin in those unable to achieve their target postprandial blood sugar
   c.       It suppresses glucagon release, delays gastric emptying and has centrally mediated anorectic effects
   d.      It is renally metabolized metabolized and excreted but even at low creatinine clearance, there is no significant in its bioavailability
   e.      The most reliable absorption is obtained with subcutaneous injection in the deltoid area of the arms.
   8.       The rate of insulin absorption can be influenced by the following except:
   a.       The type of insulin formulation
   b.      Site of administration
   c.       Skin temperature
   d.      Local massage and exercise
   e.      None of the above
   9.       Which of the following is incorrect about insulin glargine?
   a.       It has a slow onset of action and achieves maximum effect after 4 to 6 hours
   b.      It is usually given as once daily dosage
   c.       It should be mixed with other insulin in the same syringe
   d.      Its maximum activity is maintained for about 11 to 24 hours
   e.      None of the above
   10.   An example of intermediate acting insulin is:
   a.       NPH Novolin R
   b.      Insulin glulisine
   c.       Regular Humulin R
   d.      Insulin glargine
   e.      Insulin lispro
   
   
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