PAEDIATRICS PRACTICE 1

                                      SINGLE BEST OPTION SERIES
           
                          INSTRUCTION: SELECT THE SINGLE BEST OPTION

  

1. The commonest cause of non-bacterial pneumonia is:
   a.       Influenza virus
   b.      Respiratory syncytial virus
   c.       Adenovirus
   d.      Measles virus
   e.      Herpes simplex virus
   2.       The following  predispose to the development of pneumonia  in childhood except:
   a.       Low birth weight
   b.      Bronchial asthma
   c.       Passive smoking
   d.      Ventricular septal defect.
   e.      None of the above
   3.       The main defense mechanisms of the lower respiratory tract include the following except:
   a.       Secretory IgA
   b.      Lymphatic system
   c.       Alveolar macrophages
   d.      Meckel cells
   e.      Intact epithelium
   4.       Which of the following is incorrect about Clara (club) cells of the lower respiratory tract:
   a.       They are ciliated bronchiolar secretory cells
   b.      They secrete glycosaminoglycans to protect the bronchiole lining
   c.       Detoxifying harmful substances inhaled into the lungs with cytochrome P450 found in their endoplasmic reticulum
   d.      Function as stem cells to regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium
   e.      Degradation of the mucus produced by the upper airways.
   5.       The pathologic changes observed in pneumonia involves the following stages except:
   a.       Congestion
   b.      Restitution
   c.       Red hepatisation
   d.      Grey hepatisation
   e.      Organisation
   6.       The following are usual auscultatory findings in a child with lobar pneumonia except:
   a.       Whispering pectoriloquy
   b.      Bronchial breath sounds which are replaced by crepitations during recovery
   c.       Increased breath sounds
   d.      Increased vocal fremitus over the affected site
   e.      Bronchial breath sounds in the early phase
   7.       The following are consistent with presentations of lobar pneumonia except:
   a.       Fever
   b.      Upper abdominal pain
   c.       Chest pain and dyspnoea
   d.      Vomiting and diarrhoea especially in infants
   e.      None of the above
   8.       The commonest agent implicated in causing bronchopneumonia is:
   a.       Staphylococcus aureus
   b.      Streptococcus pneumoniae
   c.       Haemophilus influenza
   d.      Respiratory syncytial virus
   e.      Measles virus
   9.       The most important investigation required to confirm the diagnosis of pneumonia is:
   a.       Full blood count
   b.      Chest radiograph
   c.       Sputum eosinophil
   d.      Serology
   e.      Arterial blood gas analysis
   10.   What is the earliest and most sensitive clinical parameter for predicting the presence of pneumonia in a pre-school child:
   a.       Tachycardia
   b.      Tachypnoea
   c.       Intercostals recession
   d.      Fever
   e.      Chest pain
   
   
   
   
   ANSWERS:
   1. b
   2. e
   3.  d
   4. a
   5. b
   6. c
   7. e
   8. d
   9. b
   10. b
   
    
   
   

                                                     REMEMBER
   ” Some people sin by not working diligently for six days whereas, others – because of greed, unbelief or powerlessness- sin by working also on a day of rest and worship. Either way of breaking this   command results in poverty.”   By  Vishal Mangalwadi.